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KMID : 0545120100200030630
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Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
2010 Volume.20 No. 3 p.630 ~ p.636
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Identification of two fungal endophytes associated with the endangered orchid Orchis militaris L.
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Vendramin Elena
Gastaldo Andrea
Tondello Alessandra
Baldan Barbara
Villani Mariacristina
Squartini Andrea
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Abstract
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A survey of the endangered orchid Orchis militaris populations was carried out in North-eastern Italy. The occurrence of fungal root endophytes was investigated by light and electron microscopy and molecular techniques. Two main sites of presence were individuated in the Euganean Hills, differing as to the percentage of flowering individuals and of capsules completing maturity. Fluorescence microscopy revealed an intracellular cortical colonization by hyphal pelotons. Two ITS PCR products co-amplified. Sequencing revealed for the former an identity and a high similarity (99%) with a Tulasnellaceae (Basidiomycota) fungus found within tissues of the same host in independent studies in Hungary and Estonia, suggesting an interesting case of tight specificity throughout the eurosiberian home range. The second amplicon had 99% similarity with Tetracladium species (Ascomycota) recently demonstrated as potential endophytes. TEM revealed two different hyphal structures. Double fungal colonization appears to occur in Orchis militaris and the possible requirement of a specific fungal partner throws light on the causes of this plant’s rarity and threatened status.
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KEYWORD
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Orchis militaris, endangered taxa, mycorrhizal symbionts
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